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''Journey in North America'' (original Hungarian title: ''Utazás Észak-Amerikában'') is a book by Sándor Bölöni Farkas published in 1834. The author, travelling in the United States of America (New York, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Vermont, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Maryland and New Jersey) and in Canada (Québec and Ontario) paid special attention to the social relations of these countries, which he put as an example to the feudalistic Hungary of that time. The book was a big success in the Hungarian Reform Era, being read by the young reformers of the parliament of 1832–36 at Pozsony. István Széchenyi expressed his thanks to the author in a letter, calling his work the most useful and most beautiful gift. In 1835 the book was banned and could be read only by special permission. The book inspired several young reformers (Ferenc Pulszky, Ágoston Trefort, László Szalay, Pál Hunfalvy, Bertalan Szemere, István Gorove, Lőrinc Tóth, József Irinyi) to travel and to write their experiencies abroad. == Publication == In 1830–1831 the author, as the secretary of count Ferenc Béldi traveled to Western Europe, the United States of America and Canada. He prepared for the trip by reading up on the geography, economy and laws of the respective countries, and he studied their languages. In his book he cites about fifty of the journals, books, statistical publications and political writings he read before and during his journey.〔Jancsó 1942: p. 420‑434.; Simon-Szabó 2012: p. 424.〕 After his return, he finished his book at the end of 1833 and beginning of 1834, and sent it to his friends Gábor Döbrentei and Miklós Wesselényi. On the advice of friends, he tried to publish it in Leipzig, but on December 20, 1833 he got the answer that the German censors were told to stop at the border every Hungarian book published abroad, to examine it, and give it back to the owner only if the content was not subject to censorship. As this procedure could take more than half a year, it represented a financial risk to the publisher who did not want to tie up his capital and risk losing it.〔Jancsó 1942: p. 434–435.〕 Therefore, the author asked permission from the Transylvanian censorship office which he considered more lenient. The censorship office asked the opinion of Sámuel Méhes, a Calvinist professor, who after reading the book asked that an additional censor be appointed. The catholic bishop Miklós Kovács responsible for the censorship named the catholic abbot János Szabó from the Kolozsmonostor Abbey. These two censors deleted some parts of the text and declared the work eligible to be published.〔Tardy 1986: p. 535–536.〕 On April 24, 1834 Bölöni Farkas agreed with the bookseller János Tilsch to publish the book with the following conditions: the fee for the author shall be 260 silver forints, half of which payable at the beginning of printing, the other half at the end of it – latest in August; maximum 1100 copies can be printed of which 25 shall be given to the author; the book cannot be sold for a price higher than two forints; the name of the author may not be posted outside the bookshop.〔Jakab 1870: p. 297.〕 The printing was executed between 30 June and 25 July 1834; for the second edition between 2 and 23 March 1835.〔Tardy 1986: p. 534.〕 In September 1835 the Government of Transylvania got the list of the prohibited books in which the work of Bölöni Farkas was classified into the category of "readable only by special permission." The author commented in his diary: "Great honour for my work! After all, it might contain something which had an effect. But it's too late - I assume the poison has had its effect, and it will only be worse with the prohibition."〔Jakab 1870: p. 295.; Bölöni 1971: p. 89–90〕 At the command of the emperor the Archduke Ferdinand Karl Joseph of Austria-Este, governor of Transylvania started an investigation on 26 April 1836 to find out how the publishing of the work has been possible under the control of the Transylvanian Censorship. Bishop Miklós Kovács argued that the prohibition arrived only on 25 November 1835 and the censors were informed on 11 December about it. Professor Sámuel Méhes told that he executed several deletions in the text and the final approval was given by the censorship office. Abbot János Szabó excused himself saying that he read only the parts proposed for deletion by professor Méhes and on that basis gave his opinion to the office. The investigation had no consequence to the author.〔Jakab 1870: p. 295.; Tardy 1986: p. 533–538.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Journey in North America」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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